What to do if your nose is bleeding: helpful tips

Suddenly, a nosebleed in a person has caused confusion in those around him. But at that moment their help is so necessary. How can one help a person with nosebleeds?

Causes

This type of bleeding begins due to the fact that damage has occurred, and the integrity of the fragile vascular wall has been violated. Also, blood and nose can go if a person has poor blood coagulation. It can begin spontaneously and due to injury. And the causes may be local pathologies or general ones. Doctors attribute local causes to such possible cases:

1. Identified abnormalities of the vascular system, when, for example, there is an expansion of veins and arteries.
2. When the vascular plexus is located superficially. So, damaging them is pretty easy. 90 percent of people suffer from this - they often bleed.
3. The changed structure of the mucosa, which is caused by various complex infectious diseases.
4. Excessive air dryness. This is what happens - the mucous membrane left without moisture has to shrink from the vascular wall. As a result, natural elasticity with a lack of strength is lost.

• injuries. Even a harmless habit of picking your nose;
• any object falling into the nose;
• various kinds of tumors;
• curvature of the septum.

Bleeding of a general nature has its own peculiarities, here coagulability plays a significant role together with impaired permeability of the walls of blood vessels. They arise due to:

• chronic inflammation concentrated in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses;
• chronic liver disease;
• a sharp jump in pressure;
• blood diseases, especially hemophilia;
• inflammation of the vessels, which entails their increased permeability.

What can be done?

More often, bleeding begins completely unexpectedly. Blood may appear from one or two nostrils simultaneously. And the intensity is different:

• blood flows slowly, and can stop itself;
• constant stream, and a long time. It doesn’t stop on its own.

If bleeding caused by any local cause is often repeated, which leads to general exhaustion of the body, modern medicine fights them with various methods. If, for example, the culprit is superficially located vessels located in the septum, they are cauterized. To do this, use a laser, current, liquid nitrogen.

For general reasons, a full examination should occur, first of all, laboratory tests of blood and urine will be needed. On their basis, conclusions should be given by many experts, including a hematologist, an endocrinologist, an infectious disease specialist.

If a person was given first aid from passers-by, he should not ignore such a problem, because if bleeding becomes constant, anemia develops, the protective properties of the body decrease significantly. This means that the causative agents of any disease can easily attack any organ. In addition, oxygen starvation occurs, and this leads to irreversible changes.

How to help stop bleeding

Naturally, when helping, you need to try to stop the blood. And only after that, advise a person to go to the hospital.

Often the affected person has fear in this condition.A strong heartbeat appears, pressure changes, which leads to greater loss of blood. Therefore, the patient needs to be reassured, to explain that nothing dangerous is happening, and those around are ready to help.

1. Necessarily a person should be in an upright position, and, having seated him, it is required to maximize the back of the chair. The head should be tilted slightly forward so that blood does not remain in the nose. Advising to throw your head back is completely unacceptable, because the cessation of discharge will be imaginary, it will begin to flow into the throat. Instinctively, a person begins to swallow blood, which often leads to coughing and vomiting. And these actions will cause even more bleeding.
2. Then you need to unfasten your clothes. These actions are necessary in order for a person to gain access to fresh air.
3. A cold scarf should be put on the nose. A piece of ice or a chilled item will come in handy. But at the same time, you need to wrap your legs.
4. It is necessary to ensure that the victim breathes as follows: inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth. All these measures help to slow down blood circulation in the nasal region, help to quickly stop the flow of blood leaving.
5. Considering that almost all nosebleeds are caused by the vascular plexus, which is located in the nasal anterior part of the septum, this method helps to relieve blood: the wings of the nose are clamped by hand, they come into contact with the septum, and as a result a clot appears, and the pathological process lasts for a short time ceases.

If this measure was ineffective, you will need to make a sterile swab to install it in the nasal passage. Usually it is made up to 3 cm long and 0.5 cm thick. It is advisable to soak it with a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution or any nasal treatment that has the function of narrowing the blood vessels. For example, "naphthyzine", "galazolin", etc.

If the bleeding is not so plentiful, such measures will be enough. The main thing is to monitor the state of a person in trouble all the time, measure his pulse, pressure and degree of consciousness.

Important! After this incident, you can not lift weights, undergo excessive physical exertion, blow your nose at least for 24 hours, since the body has not yet recovered, a relapse may occur.

After the bleeding has stopped, it is advisable to carefully lubricate the nose inside, but very gently, with a swab soaked in liquid paraffin. This procedure will protect the mucous membrane from drying out.

If the cause is a foreign body getting in and it has moved too far, you should not try to get it. If it moves even deeper, there is a risk of it getting into the respiratory tract, which can cause suffocation in the victim. The extraction procedure can only be performed by a specialist.

If the cause of the bleeding is too dry air in the room, you need to ventilate the room constantly, avoiding such a condition. In this case, it is advisable to drip the nose after the cessation of bleeding with drugs that contain sea water. For example, Aquamaris.

When it is not possible under any influences to stop the blood, and it still flows for more than 20 minutes, causing damage to the body, or after a short interval it resumes again, flowing out in a single stream without clots, then urgent medical intervention is necessary. If it is not possible to deliver a person urgently to the hospital, you need to call an ambulance team, and already on the way to the medical institution he will receive qualified help.

Hospital Assistance Procedures

But, if the reason is caused by changes in the posterior sections, then in these cases the blood flows differently - along the back wall of the nasopharynx. A man is forced to swallow it. In this case, this process provokes vomiting with a large admixture of blood. To stop the menacing process, doctors are faced with the task of establishing the true cause. It happens that it is not possible to establish the true cause very quickly, and the bleeding intensifies, the person feels worse. Then the doctors use the following method: a gauze swab is inserted into the nasal cavity, the length of which can be up to 25 cm. Together with this, a person receives medications that can stop the blood.

If too much blood loss has occurred, therapy is needed to restore it.

Video: how to quickly stop nosebleeds